Misrad Hapnim — First Israeli passport (Darkon) and Teudat Maavar for new olim: timeline, 60% residency rule, how to apply, temporary and emergency passports

All Israeli citizens — including dual citizens — must enter and leave Israel on Israeli travel documentation. New olim get there in stages.

Timeline for olim (rules effective 22 January 2025)

Time since Aliyah	What you can travel with
0–3 months	No Israeli travel document is issued. You travel on your foreign passport with the Aliyah visa plus an Ishur Yetzia (exit letter) from your local Population and Immigration Authority office (no appointment needed). The Ishur Yetzia requirement is waived until 30 September 2026 and required again from 1 October 2026 — check the current status before flying.
90 days / 3 full months (whichever is longer)	Eligible to apply for a Teudat Maavar (travel document, typically valid up to 5 years). Example: Aliyah on 4 January → apply from 5 April.
1 year	Eligible for a first passport valid up to 5 years — only if you spent at least 60% of the first year in Israel (calculated once the year is complete). Otherwise you get another Teudat Maavar (up to 5 years).
5–10 years	10-year passport — only if you spent 36 of the last 60 months in Israel; otherwise a 5-year Teudat Maavar.

If you do not meet the 60% / 36-month test but have spent a full consecutive year in Israel before applying, you can get a 1-year passport; eligibility is re-evaluated after that year.
Olim who sign the ARLI waiver are eligible only for a 5-year Teudat Maavar.
Rules apply to minors and adults alike.
Renewals follow the same tests: before 5 years of Aliyah (or without proof of settling) you get a Teudat Maavar; after 5 years with proof of settling, a regular 10-year passport. Extensions are no longer stamped into the old passport — a new biometric document is issued.
Through 31 December 2026, Israeli citizens without a valid Israeli passport may travel on a valid foreign passport (exit-permit requirement waived); bring your Teudat Zehut and any expired Israeli passport. Apply for an Israeli document before this expires.

Book an appointment at the Population and Immigration Authority (Reshut HaOchlusin) — one per person, including babies and children, who must attend in person. Booking requires an Israeli mobile number (SMS confirmation). Appointments can be at any branch, not only your local one. Because of long waits, book right after Aliyah for a date no earlier than 90 days after your Aliyah date. People who already have a Teudat Zehut number (Ezrach Oleh, Katin Chozer, Toshav Chozer, A-1 visa) can book from abroad. Soldiers in uniform are served without an appointment.
Pay — online in advance is cheaper (go.gov.il/passpay); Israeli credit card, Apple Pay, Google Pay or MAX only — no debit, cash or cheque. Fees are lower from 1 November to 28 February (winter rate), valid if you apply within 3 months of paying or before 30 April. If unsure whether you’ll get a passport or a Teudat Maavar, pay at the appointment.
Attend with your Teudat Zehut, credit card, and any old passport/Teudat Maavar. Fingerprints and photo are taken on site.
Delivery — to a post office or pickup point near the address on your Teudat Zehut, about 4–6 weeks later.

The name on the passport matches your Teudat Zehut; a name change at Aliyah is treated by the US as a worldwide name change.

Temporary passport (48+ hours before travel) — at your local Population Authority bureau (28 bureaus), no appointment needed: bring the completed form (gov.il form DR11), 2 passport photos, online payment confirmation, old passport, Teudat Zehut, flight ticket. Sent by registered mail within about a week (some branches issue same day). Valid 2 years.
Emergency passport (within 48 hours of travel) — at the Ben Gurion Airport office (open 24h Sun–Thu, Fri until 14:00, Sat from 21:00): flight within 48 hours plus proof of an emergency (or the whole family travelling and you are the only one without a valid document). Bring Teudat Zehut, expired passport, Israeli credit card, 2 photos, proof of ticket, filled form. Takes a few hours. Valid 1 year. Paying online beforehand is slightly cheaper (NBN cites NIS 825 adult / 415 minor vs 845 / 435 — check current rates).
Fees and forms: gov.il (Population and Immigration Authority).

Getting your Teudat Zehut (ID card) — see the Teudat Zehut chunk.
Keep the address on your Teudat Zehut current: passports, draft notices and official mail all go there.